Explore the project

How we assess evidence.

One claim. A traceable judgment.

Draft method v0.1 · Methodological review not yet completed

AHigh certaintyHigh confidence in this specific claim.

The main limitations identified in the appraisal are unlikely to change the judgment. High certainty does not mean the claim applies to everyone or that the effect is large.

BModerate certaintySome confidence, with limitations that still matter.

Further research or more direct evidence may change the judgment. Read the scope and grading rationale alongside the grade.

CLow certaintyLimited confidence; the conclusion may change substantially.

Study limitations, inconsistency, indirectness or imprecision affect the judgment. Preliminary findings should not be presented as assured effects.

DVery low certaintySubstantial uncertainty; a reliable judgment remains difficult.

Grade D does not mean an intervention has been shown to be ineffective. Evidence of no important effect and a lack of reliable evidence are different situations.

UnassessedThe assessment is not complete. This does not mean low certainty.

Not applicableOutside the scope of this grading process. A reason must be provided.

What we assess.

Record each judgment, and the reason behind it.

01

Risk of bias

Could study design, conduct or selective reporting affect credibility?

02

Consistency

Do studies reach similar results? Can differences be explained?

03

Directness

Do the population, intervention, comparison and outcome directly address the question?

04

Precision

Are the sample and uncertainty intervals sufficient to support this claim?

05

Publication bias

Could unpublished, negative or unfavourable results be missing?

These domains draw on common questions in evidence appraisal. Our A–D framework is an editorial communication tool, not a formal GRADE assessment. Four letters cannot replace a complete methods record. Where a domain does not apply, explain why.Methods reference: Cochrane Handbook, Chapter 14 ↗

Content type and grade, explained separately.

01

Scientific concept

Explains concepts, definitions and boundaries used in research. A concept does not receive a single overarching evidence grade.

02

Research explanation

Organises and appraises research around a specific question, explaining the evidence and certainty for each important claim.

03

Project model

An explanatory framework, metaphor or educational simulation developed by this project, with explicit assumptions and limits.

For example, the Allostatic Load page is a “Scientific concept”. A specific claim about measurement lists its sources separately and awaits assessment. The recovery curve is a “Project model”: a precise-looking graphic should not be mistaken for measured data.

How a grade is reached.

Keep a record of the process before displaying a formal grade.

See it in an article
  1. Define the question

    State the claim, population or scope, comparison and outcome. First determine whether grading is appropriate.

  2. Document the search

    Record databases, search terms, dates and inclusion criteria. Explain how negative findings and unpublished evidence are considered. Selecting a few supportive papers is not enough.

  3. Assess each domain

    The assessor records the evidence for each judgment, key limitations and the final grading rationale. Use methods appropriate to the question.

  4. Have another person verify it

    Record the actual assessor, verifier, date and method version. Incomplete records remain “Unassessed”.

  5. Updates and corrections

    Reassess when new evidence emerges or an error is found. Keep a record of important changes and their reasons.

What is the status of this method?

This is a draft method. Claims in the articles have not yet been formally graded. The framework, example and editorial process are in place; assessors, scientific verifiers and methodological review are still to be arranged.

Grades help readers understand uncertainty. They are not diagnostic tools and cannot be converted directly into product efficacy ratings or purchasing recommendations.

Start with a question.

Enter a keyword to search this site.

FoundationsLoadFoundationsAllostasisFoundationsAllostatic LoadFoundationsRecoveryFoundationsPhysiological ReserveFoundationsResilienceFeaturesAllostatic Load: The Hidden Cost of AdaptationFeaturesRecovery Is Not RestMethods & projectEvidence grading & methodsMethods & projectEditorial & scientific standardsMethods & projectAbout the projectResearch · 1993Stress and the individual. Mechanisms leading to diseaseResearch · 1998Protective and damaging effects of stress mediatorsResearch · 2003The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: dose-response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivationResearch · 2010Greater cardiovascular responses to laboratory mental stress are associated with poor subsequent cardiovascular risk status: a meta-analysis of prospective evidenceResearch · 2011Stress- and Allostasis-Induced Brain PlasticityResearch · 2012Allostasis: a model of predictive regulationResearch · 2015Recovery from job stress: The stressor-detachment model as an integrative frameworkResearch · 2016Physical Resilience in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Development of an Emerging ConstructResearch · 2017A Meta-Analysis on Antecedents and Outcomes of Detachment from WorkResearch · 2018Recovery and Performance in Sport: Consensus StatementResearch · 2022Allostatic Load Measurement: A Systematic Review of Reviews, Database Inventory, and Considerations for Neighborhood Research